Brewing
This is a manual pump espresso machine with 15 bar pump pressure and 1100 W input power, taking ground coffee or ESE pods in a dual-function filter holder.
Espresso machines · ECOV311.BG
ECOV311.BG
The De'Longhi Icona Vintage ECOV311.BG is a compact, retro-styled pump espresso machine (15 bar, 1100 W, 1.4 l tank) that takes ground coffee or ESE pods and has a manual steam wand.
15 bar1100 W1.4 l
29 original reviews to read 3 video summaries Good to know
Start your decision here
The De'Longhi Icona Vintage ECOV311.BG is a compact, retro-styled pump espresso machine (15 bar, 1100 W, 1.4 l tank) that takes ground coffee or ESE pods and has a manual steam wand. UK owners praise its looks and café-style espresso and cappuccino, and generally find it easy to use and good value; many are on their second one. Common complaints are a dripping steam wand, noise for some, a learning curve and a minority of early failures. The 77 mm cup clearance rules out tall mugs. It suits anyone wanting an attractive, simple entry-level espresso machine who is happy to froth milk by hand. No independent lab test or reliability data exists, so long-term durability is uncertain.
Before you buy
What the features mean in everyday use.
This is a manual pump espresso machine with 15 bar pump pressure and 1100 W input power, taking ground coffee or ESE pods in a dual-function filter holder.
Maximum cup height is 77 mm, which limits it to espresso cups and small cappuccino cups. Tall mugs or latte glasses will not fit under the spouts, and a UK reviewer had to change their favourite large cup.
Milk is frothed with a manual steam wand (Manual Cappuccino System). There is no automatic milk function.
UK buyers often praise the retro look (high-gloss cream finish with chrome details) and say it looks good on the worktop.
Most UK reviewers in the sample say it makes good espresso with crema and good cappuccinos, and many say it is easy to use and clean.
Several UK reviewers report the steam or milk wand dripping or leaking. One reviewer calls it normal; another had a leak that persisted after a replacement.
Some UK reviewers find it noisy or vibrating while brewing, or say it rattles and feels cheapened. A similar number describe it as quiet compared with their old machine.
Many UK buyers are replacing an earlier Icona Vintage that lasted for years (some say over ten). A few UK reviewers had a machine fail within days to about a year, and Amazon's AI review summary leans negative on reliability and durability.
Individual UK reviewers mention a basin under the drip tray that is hard to clean, redesigned filter baskets that are tight or awkward to insert and remove, and a newer portafilter without the clip that stops the basket dropping out when emptied.
Which? does not list the Icona Vintage among its tested espresso machines. A review aggregator cites third-party reports of pump failure after the warranty, pressure loss over time, a dripping steam nozzle and a light body that moves when the portafilter is locked in.
In the UK the machine is sold by De'Longhi's own shop, on Amazon UK (third-party seller), on eBay and OnBuy, and by Brown Thomas Northern Ireland. Argos, Currys and AO showed no listing, and John Lewis marks it as no longer available online.
UK reviewers often call it good value, and some compare it favourably with dearer machines. One reviewer felt it was not worth more than about £150 because of its noise and size.
A few UK reviewers say it takes practice to get the grind, dose and milk steaming right, or that it can be messy and needs watching so the cup does not overflow.
Milk is frothed with a manual steam wand (Manual Cappuccino System). There is no automatic milk function.
UK buyers often praise the retro look (high-gloss cream finish with chrome details) and say it looks good on the worktop.
Most UK reviewers in the sample say it makes good espresso with crema and good cappuccinos, and many say it is easy to use and clean.
Several UK reviewers report the steam or milk wand dripping or leaking. One reviewer calls it normal; another had a leak that persisted after a replacement.
Some UK reviewers find it noisy or vibrating while brewing, or say it rattles and feels cheapened. A similar number describe it as quiet compared with their old machine.
Many UK buyers are replacing an earlier Icona Vintage that lasted for years (some say over ten). A few UK reviewers had a machine fail within days to about a year, and Amazon's AI review summary leans negative on reliability and durability.
Individual UK reviewers mention a basin under the drip tray that is hard to clean, redesigned filter baskets that are tight or awkward to insert and remove, and a newer portafilter without the clip that stops the basket dropping out when emptied.
Which? does not list the Icona Vintage among its tested espresso machines. A review aggregator cites third-party reports of pump failure after the warranty, pressure loss over time, a dripping steam nozzle and a light body that moves when the portafilter is locked in.
In the UK the machine is sold by De'Longhi's own shop, on Amazon UK (third-party seller), on eBay and OnBuy, and by Brown Thomas Northern Ireland. Argos, Currys and AO showed no listing, and John Lewis marks it as no longer available online.
UK reviewers often call it good value, and some compare it favourably with dearer machines. One reviewer felt it was not worth more than about £150 because of its noise and size.
A few UK reviewers say it takes practice to get the grind, dose and milk steaming right, or that it can be messy and needs watching so the cup does not overflow.
User experience
See the common points first, then read the original reviews yourself.
Summarised from the 68 reviews we read. A review can mention several points, so the theme counts can add up to more than 68.
UK owners mostly like the retro cream-and-chrome styling and say it makes good, café-style espresso with crema and decent cappuccinos. Many find it easy to use and clean, call the frother powerful and see it as good value; several are buying it again after an earlier one lasted years. Recurring complaints are a dripping steam wand, noise or rattling for some, and a minority of units that failed within days to about a year. Smaller points: a learning curve, small cups only, awkward redesigned filter baskets and milk not hot enough. Amazon's AI summary is more negative on durability than this sample.
Summarised from 68 reviews. The summary is drawn from opinions that recur in the reviews read; each theme shows how many reviews mention it. These counts are not a rate and do not apply to every unit.
Counted 68 unique UK reviews with text, deduplicated by author, date and text: eBay UK 50 (s22-s26), De'Longhi UK Feefo 10 (s3-s4, plus 2 rating-only excluded) and Amazon UK 8 top UK reviews (s5). 5 Amazon reviews from other countries and 176 non-UK Feefo entries were excluded. Amazon's AI summary was used only as a cross-check.
29 original reviews can be listed on this page. The number of reviews analysed may differ.
m*** j*** a*** a*** 5/5 12 October 2026 Amazon Colour Name: Cream
Needed to replace my old vintage Iconica espresso machine that I’ve had for years, so delighted to see this model still on sale. A Great price and it’s super quick to heat up and pour. My old machine sounded like a lawnmower towards it’s demise, but tge new one is silent in comparison!
M*** W*** 3/5 26 August 2026 Amazon Colour Name: Cream
Bought it due to a half price deal offer but would never pay over £150 (current price). The design is really nice but takes a lot of space for a small coffee machine. The biggest flaw is noise...I get up for work very early and I'm pretty sure that my neighbours are bit affected by my coffee machine... It nearly vibrates while making coffee and the metal tray makes a lot of noise during the process. Not great for this kind of price. I would not buy it again...rather gladly sell it lol
R*** M*** 5/5 6 August 2026 Amazon Colour Name: Cream
Very good espresso machine easy to use and clean the ese pods are amazing makes a perfect espresso every time for £0.30, makes great cappuccinos can't see any downsides at all.
A*** R*** D*** 5/5 24 June 2026 Amazon Colour Name: Cream
This Expresso machine is really easy to use and delivers the perfect Expresso every time. It has bags of pressure from the pump, so you will get a lovely cream topping to your coffee. It is less bulky than others and is really elegant, compared to the bulky plastic alternatives available. You cannot beat a bit of chrome. …always use filtered water to avoid limescale build up. …Other than that, its a really superb piece of kit.
R*** 1/5 22 April 2026 Amazon Colour Name: Cream
Always leaks from the milk wand, had replaced and new one did the same. Then new one stops working entirely after less that a year. Looks nice, but terrible quality.
B*** B*** 4/5 20 April 2021 Amazon Colour Name: Cream
however, it's not as well designed as previous de Longhi machines I've had. … the basin beneath the removable drip tray also gets drips of liquid and bits of ground coffee get in there, and because it's physically part of the main part of the machine, it's incredibly difficult to clean. … Also, the design of the coffee baskets that came with this is horrible, and they're really tight to get into the bit where the water comes out. … Other than those two things, the machine is easy to use, makes nice coffee, and is pretty to look at.
R*** 5/5 5 January 2018 Amazon Colour Name: Cream
Loved it! Arrived promptly and nicely packed. This machine has an awesome vintage style, almost all of it made of stainless steel which is a bonus. Ergonomic, economic with auto off feature, water boiler heats up the water in seconds, the steam is powerful and the steam knob does a very good job adjusting the pressure, and makes a delicious cafe. … About water leak through the steam when brewing or vise-versa, yes it does leak a bit but is normal for powerful cafe machines to do that and when the steam pressure is high. …
R*** 5/5 26 October 2026 De'Longhi UK Icona Vintage, Beige (De'Longhi UK shop)
I have had one of these for over 10 years and the performance has been very good. I had to replace the original as valve and other parts were starting to fail so with delonghi offering the item at a very good price I have bought another which is working well. One small change to the coffee holder is a retrograde step as ther is no clip to stop the coffee holder dropping out as you empty it. Otherwise I am very satisfied.
M*** 5/5 31 May 2026 De'Longhi UK De'Longhi UK shop
Previously owned a Icona Vintage Pump Espresso Coffee Machine which broke after many years of use. This replaces a machine we are totally happy with and would highly recommend.
Customer 5/5 27 April 2026 De'Longhi UK De'Longhi UK shop
This machine looks great and produces good coffee consistently. All our guests comment on it and several of them have bought the same machine. It is easy to clean and looks stylish on my worktop.
Customer 5/5 18 April 2026 De'Longhi UK De'Longhi UK shop
For its cost this model represents excellent value for anyone looking for a machine that is easy to use, is quiet and makes an excellent cup of coffee every time. We use ours every day.
Customer 4/5 3 January 2026 De'Longhi UK De'Longhi UK shop
The machine looks stylish and is fairly easy to use. The coffee is good but when I steam milk for a latte, the temperature is never hot enough. If I steam twice there is too much froth.
F*** 3/5 31 December 2025 De'Longhi UK De'Longhi UK shop
In trying to keep its cost down it has been over value engineered and cheepened to the extent it rattles too much.
L*** 4/5 31 December 2025 De'Longhi UK De'Longhi UK shop
This machine makes an excellent cup of coffee, looks good and is not too big. The only problem is that the milk steam spout drips.
a*** 4/5 12 January 2018 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new
So its a nice looking machine and it feels well built. The chrome details are nice and on the whole it feels good to use. The coffee capacity in the head is a a bit small and the height from the head to the cup stand is a little small too. In practice this means small cups and not strong coffee. I had to change my favourite (large) cup to use this machine. The steam wand on mine is incredibly noisy in use and it doesn't texture the milk easily. …
r*** 3/5 30 September 2020 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: pre-owned
This is a lovely looking item. However, (and I think it's because I'm not a coffee expert) it is quite tricky to learn to use. But it seems very professional. The good thing is, it makes coffee exactly like you'd get in a cafe. It's quite messy to use, you have to have a cloth handy for drips and spills. …
b*** 5/5 11 February 2018 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new
This has replaced a 6 year old £40 espresso machine and it is notably better. Very high quality construction - really feels like it will last for years. I like the looks - somewhat vintage. It makes a great cup of coffee and certainly has enough pressure to brew very finely ground beans. The milk frother is really powerful and very quick. I nearly bought a much more expensive machine and I am glad that I didn't. Recommended.
m*** 3/5 22 January 2020 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: refurbished
Sold as “refurbished” but looks 100% new. The design an total appearance is very elegant and interesting. Bought to replace my old and lived DeLonghi espresso machine, it seems to work well. It is, compared to the previous one almost silent in operation, heats up quickly too. The coffee unfortunately comes out weak and wishy washy, not comparable with the previous wonderful and rich true espresso . … Second problem is the redesigned coffe holders, difficult to insert and remove from the handle, especially when filled with ground coffee and hot. …
j*** 5/5 13 September 2019 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new
This is our 2nd Icons. The first lasted over 12 years & made v good coffee. I just changed the colour of my new one to blend with my kitchen. I do notice that the new one is v much quieter. An added bonus is that it will take pods. Am delighted with it.
j*** 5/5 24 June 2021 ebay.co.uk eBay UK
Great at-home espresso and frothed milk. The only struggle I have is oversteaming the milk with the wand that comes with the machine. Due to its shape, it's harder to steam for a latte and most of the time it comes out as cappuccino milk. Otherwise great machine and easy to clean & brew.
p*** 4/5 31 December 2018 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new, sold by ao
Love the look of my new coffee maker and the results are good. My only concern is that you really need to stand over it or your cup may overflow. However I am very pleased with it in all.
2*** 1/5 13 March 2019 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new
made noise like a train then refused to send water out of machine this all happened in first week.i had same one before lasted 2 years looks great no good if the new one does not work.
d*** 5/5 11 March 2020 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new, sold by ao
A really great crema and excellent frothing , performed much better than the £350 machine it replaced.
d*** 4/5 23 August 2018 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new, sold by ao
This coffee maker makes very good coffee , the steamer for the milk is good,but just looses it's power when making two cuppuchinos , for it's price range it's a very good machine, looks smart too 😀
v*** 5/5 11 December 2021 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new, sold by ao
Very beautiful machine. I loved mine. One month ago it just stop to make coffe. I had it one year, like the one year guarantee. So now I have to buy new one.
r*** 5/5 26 April 2024 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: pre-owned
Lovely looking and easy to use , I’ve had one before and it broke after a lot of use. It couldn’t be fixed so we persevered without one. But in the end I wanted it back so we purchased the same one again
j*** 2/5 10 February 2022 ebay.co.uk eBay UK
Worked fine. Then broke. It should last years and years. The water temp light started lighting up immediately and the water heater not turning on as if the thermostat was broken.
h*** 3/5 4 April 2019 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: pre-owned
It is really nice. I like the quality. It would be perfect if the coffee was delivered in ‘doses’.
s*** 4/5 28 December 2017 ebay.co.uk eBay UK, condition: new, sold by ao
very good not outstanding
No reviews match this choice.
Go to the store's reviews: Amazon · De'Longhi UK · ebay.co.uk
See it in use
Read the summaries; tap a moment to watch the video from that second.
3 videos · Timestamped summary
YouTube · Review
The De'Longhi Icona Vintage is an attractive espresso machine featuring an all-metal build and an intuitive three-button interface. It performs well thanks to a 15-bar pump that produces rich crema and froths milk effectively, although removing the water tank can lead to water dripping into the base. Overall, it delivers good coffee quality and solid craftsmanship at an accessible price point.
YouTube · Long-term experience
This long-term review revisits the De'Longhi Icona Vintage espresso machine after over two years of daily use. While some cosmetic plastic coating chipped and the pump had to be replaced just after the warranty expired, the machine continues to brew good espresso with rich crema and foams milk well. Overall, it is recommended as an affordable and economical machine that quickly pays for itself.
YouTube · In use
The De'Longhi Icona Vintage is an attractive, budget-friendly espresso machine that features an internal boiler rather than a thermoblock. While the stock pressurised basket produces artificial crema, upgrading to a non-pressurised basket produces a creamy and well-rounded espresso. The steam wand also performs well enough to create microfoam suitable for latte art.
Video summaries and timestamps were taken from the videos with AI (Gemini); the video itself is the source.
Widen your choice
Options in the same category for different needs.
Named as an alternative in the research
EC685 · 15 bar · 1450 W
This is a slimmer De'Longhi pump espresso machine that Amazon UK shows alongside the Icona Vintage. It is also tested by Which?.
View productNamed as an alternative in the research
EM450.M · EM450.M · 15 bar
This is De'Longhi's manual espresso machine stocked by Argos and shown alongside the Icona Vintage on Amazon UK.
View productNamed as an alternative in the research
EC260.GR · 15 bar · 1100 W
This is a lower-cost De'Longhi manual espresso machine shown alongside the Icona Vintage on Amazon UK, and it is also sold at Argos.
View product
AMZCHEFSame category
AZ-EM1507 · 20 bar · 1350 W
The AMZCHEF AZ-EM1507 is a slim, budget-priced semi-automatic espresso machine for ground coffee.
View product
BekoSame category
CED7524X · 3 · 150 g
The Beko CaffeExperto CED7524X is a compact semi-automatic espresso machine.
View product
BekoSame category
CEP5304X · 15 bar · 1.1 l
The Beko CaffeExperto CEP5304X is a slim, ground-coffee espresso machine with a 15-bar pump, a colour touch screen and an integrated milk jug that makes cappuccinos and lattes at the touch of a…
View productSame category
CEP5302B · 15 bar · 1628 W
The Beko CaffeExperto CEP5302B is a slim, budget manual espresso machine for ground coffee.
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF186 · VCF186 · 1.8 L
The Breville Barista Classic VCF186 is a manual espresso machine with a built-in conical burr grinder, a 58mm portafilter, a PID-controlled thermoblock and a manual steam wand.
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF126 · 15 bar · 1300 W
The Breville Barista Max (VCF126) is a semi-automatic espresso machine with a built-in grinder, a 15-bar pump, a thermoblock heater, a 2.8 L tank and a manual steam wand.
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF187 · VCF187 · 1.8 L
The Breville Barista Sense is a semi-automatic espresso machine with a built-in conical burr grinder, a 15-bar pump, a 58mm group head and a TempSense steam wand that stops at one of four set milk…
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF160 · VCF160 · 2200–2350 W
The Breville Barista Signature (VCF160) is a semi-automatic espresso machine with a built-in 30-setting grinder, a 58 mm group head and a dual thermoblock.
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF185 · VCF185 · 1190–1415 W
The Breville Barista Slimline VCF185 is an entry-level manual espresso machine built to fit tight worktops.
View productSame category
VCF107 · 19 bar · 2
The Breville One-Touch CoffeeHouse VCF107 is a compact 19-bar pump espresso machine with an automatic milk system.
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF193 · 195 x 330 x 290 mm · 15 bar
The Breville Pixl (VCF193 in black; also sold in oat and grey) is a small, plastic-bodied manual espresso machine for ground coffee.
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF166 · 19 bar · 1
The Breville Prima Latte Luxe (VCF166) is a compact 19-bar espresso machine for ground coffee or ESE pods.
View product
BrevilleSame category
VCF183 · 1245 W · 15 bar
The Breville Prima Latte VCF183, also sold in white as the VCF190, is a compact semi-automatic espresso machine for ground coffee.
View product
CASABREWSSame category
CM5418 · 20 bar · 1350 W
The CASABREWS CM5418 is a small, inexpensive semi-automatic espresso machine.
View product
De'LonghiSame category
EC885.BG · 15 bar · 220-240 V
The Dedica Arte EC885.BG is De'Longhi's 15 cm-wide manual espresso machine in beige.
View productSame category
EC890.M · 15 bar · 1450 W
The De'Longhi Dedica Duo is a 15 cm-wide manual espresso machine with a 15 bar pump, 1450 W thermoblock, 1.1 L tank and a manual My LatteArt steam wand.
View productSame category
EC950.M · 15 bar · 1450 W
The Dedica Maestro Plus EC950.M is De'Longhi's top slim pump espresso machine.
View productSame category
EC9155 · 15 bar · 1400 W
The La Specialista Arte is a compact manual espresso machine with a built-in 15-setting grinder, a 15-bar pump with thermoblock heating, three temperature settings and a manual steam wand, sold with…
View productSame category
EC9255.M · 15 bar · 220-240 V
The La Specialista Arte Evo is a manual espresso machine with a built-in 15-setting burr grinder, a 15 bar pump, three brew temperatures and a manual steam wand.
View productSame category
EC9885.M · 19 bar · 220-240 V
The La Specialista Maestro EC9885.M is De'Longhi's flagship manual espresso machine.
View productSame category
EC9555.M · 19 bar · 1550 W
The La Specialista Opera is De'Longhi's most capable La Specialista: a metal, 19-bar manual espresso machine with a built-in 15-setting burr grinder, assisted tamping, a manual steam wand, three brew…
View productSame category
EC9455.M · 15 bar · 1450 W
The La Specialista Touch is a compact portafilter espresso machine with a built-in 15-setting burr grinder and a colour touchscreen that guides you through dosing, tamping and 10 preset drinks…
View product
GaggiaSame category
RI9481 · 15 (nominal) bar · Yes, 3-way
In the UK, the Gaggia Classic Evo Pro name is used for Gaggia's current Classic E24: a fully manual, single-boiler espresso machine with a brass boiler, lead-free brass group, 58 mm stainless…
View product
NinjaSame category
ES301UK · ES301UK · 1650 W
The Ninja Luxe Café Mini ES301UK is a compact semi-automatic espresso machine that also brews filter coffee.
View product
NinjaSame category
ES352UK · ES352UK · 1650 W
The Ninja Luxe Café Mini Plus (ES352UK) is a compact espresso and filter-coffee machine with a built-in 60-setting grinder, scale and hands-free steam wand.
View product
NinjaSame category
ES601UK · 1650 W · 240 V
The Ninja Luxe Café Premier (ES601UK) is a 3-in-1 espresso, filter and cold brew machine with a built-in burr grinder, scale, grind guidance and hands-free milk frothing.
View product
NinjaSame category
ES701UK · ES701UK · 1650 W
The Ninja Luxe Café Pro Series ES701UK is a 3-in-1 espresso, filter and cold-brew machine.
View product
SageSame category
SES500BSS4GUK1 · 1600 W · 220-240 V
The Sage Bambino Plus is a compact, fast-heating espresso machine with a 54 mm portafilter and a hands-free automatic milk frother.
View product
SageSame category
BES875UK · 1850 W · 220-240 V
The Sage Barista Express (BES875UK) is a manual espresso machine with a built-in conical burr grinder, a 15-bar pump with PID temperature control, a 54 mm portafilter and a manual steam wand.
View product
SageSame category
SES876 · 1850 W · 220–240 V
The Sage Barista Express Impress (SES876) is a manual espresso machine with a built-in 25-setting conical grinder and Sage's Impress lever.
View product
SageSame category
SES878 · 1680 W · 220-240 V
The Sage Barista Pro is a manual espresso machine with a built-in 30-setting conical burr grinder, ThermoJet heating that is ready in seconds, PID temperature control and a manual steam wand.
View productSame category
SES880 · 3 s · 1680 W
The Sage Barista Touch (SES880) is a semi-automatic espresso machine with a built-in 30-setting burr grinder, a touchscreen café menu and an automatic steam wand that textures milk hands-free.
View product
SageSame category
SES882 · 30 · 340 g
The Sage Barista Touch Impress with Cold Extraction (SES882) is a touchscreen espresso machine with a built-in grinder, assisted tamping, automatic milk texturing and five cold presets, including…
View product
SageSame category
BES810 · 1600 W · 220–240 V
The Sage Duo-Temp Pro is a compact, hands-on espresso machine for ground coffee, with a 15 bar pump, a PID-controlled Thermocoil heater, a 54 mm portafilter and a manual steam wand.
View product
SageSame category
SES995 · 45 · 340 g
The Sage Oracle Dual Boiler (SES995) is Sage's flagship espresso machine.
View product
SageSame category
SES985 · 1400-1600 W · 15 bar
The Sage Oracle Jet is a premium espresso machine with a built-in grinder.
View product
SageSame category
SES990 · 2400 W · 220–240 V
The Sage Oracle Touch (SES990) is a premium dual-boiler espresso machine.
View product
SwanSame category
SK22110GRN · 1100 W · 15 bar
The Swan Nordic SK22110GRYN is a budget manual pump espresso machine: 1100 W, 15 bar, a 1.2 L tank and a steam wand, in a matte Scandinavian-style body.
View product
AMZCHEFResearch in progress
EM3131 · 20 bar · 1350 W
Preliminary info
BrevilleResearch in progress
VCF146 · 1470 W · 19 bar
Preliminary info
NinjaResearch in progress
ES655UK · 1650 W · 9 bar
Preliminary info
SageResearch in progress
SES881 · 1430–1700 W · 220–240 V
Preliminary infoWhat it has
Technical information with its source.
Where the information comes from, by type; each finding also links its own source.
This page is compiled from manufacturer, store, review and video sources; every piece of information links to the source it was read from. Technical values are as stated by the manufacturer or store; user experiences are summarised from the reviews read and do not apply to every unit. We do not test products ourselves.